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What is the principle of laser? How to explain the high energy of laser?
2024-06-13
The principle of laser is mainly based on the stimulated radiation process in quantum mechanics. Simply put, the generation of laser involves several key steps:
Particle population inversion:
To achieve the generation of laser, a medium that can achieve particle population inversion is first required. This medium is called an active medium. Particle population inversion means that the number of particles at high energy levels exceeds the number of particles at low energy levels, which is the primary condition for the generation of lasers.
Stimulated radiation:
When a photon interacts with a particle at a high energy level, it stimulates the particle to transition to a low energy level and simultaneously releases a photon that is exactly the same as the incident photon (that is, the frequency, phase, polarization state, and propagation direction are the same). This process is called stimulated radiation. This radiation is different from spontaneous radiation, which is the process in which particles spontaneously transition from high energy levels to low energy levels without external effects and radiate photons.
Amplification and feedback:
In the process of laser generation, the photons generated by stimulated radiation will be reflected and amplified by the optical resonator, and more particles will be continuously stimulated to generate stimulated radiation, forming a photon "avalanche" effect, which rapidly increases the number of photons, thus forming a high-intensity beam, namely laser.
Regarding the high energy of laser, this is mainly due to the following factors
Focusing Ability:
The laser beam can be focused on a very small point, which makes the laser have a very high energy density. This high-energy-density beam can be used for micro-processing, cutting, punching and other processes to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency processing.
Photon Consistency:
Since the photons in the laser are generated by stimulated radiation, their optical properties are highly consistent, including frequency, phase, polarization state and propagation direction. This consistency enables the laser beam to maintain a high degree of stability and directionality, thereby achieving long-distance transmission and precise control.
Photon Consistency
Since the number of photons in the laser beam is large and the optical properties are consistent, the laser has a very high brightness. This high brightness makes the laser have a wide range of application prospects in lighting, display, medical and other fields.
In short, the high energy of laser comes from its special generation mechanism and physical properties, which make laser play an increasingly important role in the field of modern science and technology.
